• Research
  • Data
  • Policy Initiatives
  • Courses
  • About
National Trends
How have children’s chances of moving up changed over time?
Education
Maximizing the impacts of our schools and colleges on upward mobility
List of All Papers
Our library of papers, presentations, datasets, and replication code
Neighborhoods
Location matters: from income to health to innovation
Racial Disparities
What factors drive racial differences in economic opportunity?
Other Papers by OI Researchers
Other papers related to economic opportunity by OI researchers
All Papers
All of our papers and presentations.
Opportunity Atlas
Explore Neighborhood-Level Data to Find Solutions to Your Community’s Challenges.
Social Capital Atlas
See our new estimates of social capital for every school, college, and ZIP code in the United States.
College Mobility Report Cards
Use this tool by the New York Times to explore which colleges and universities are engines of income mobility.
Economic Tracker
Track the economic impacts of COVID-19 on people, businesses, and communities across the United States in real-time.
Migration Patterns
See where children from your hometown moved in adulthood, and how these patterns vary by race and income.
Downloadable Data Repository
All available data from our published research.

Opportunity Insights supports policymakers, practitioners, and communities to use our research and data to develop evidence-based solutions for improved economic mobility.

Expanding Geographic Choice: Creating Moves to Opportunity
Pilot efforts to identify rigorous and scalable strategies to increase families’ access to high opportunity neighborhoods.
Informing Economic Recovery: Economic Tracker
Work to use real-time, granular data to inform equitable and impactful economic recovery from COVID-19.
Understanding Higher Education: CLIMB Initiative
Partnership with colleges and universities to explore and amplify higher education as a critical engine of mobility.
Supporting Local Communities: Charlotte Opportunity Initiative
Collaboration with local community leaders to support data-driven systems change and identify policy areas with the potential to increase upward mobility in Charlotte.

A central part of Opportunity Insights’ mission is to train the next generation of researchers and policy leaders on methods to study and improve economic opportunity and related social problems.

Big Data Course (Harvard)
Open-source materials from Harvard campus course
Big Data Course (Short)
Online course available via edX
Exploring the Opportunity Atlas
A series of instructional videos designed to explain the uses of the Atlas, its underlying data, and how it can help inform solutions to improve economic mobility.
Summer Course
Virtual summer course offered via PREDOC.org

Based at Harvard University, our team of researchers and policy analysts work together to analyze new data and create a platform for local stakeholders to make more informed decisions.

Our Team
Meet Opportunity Insights.
Join Our Team
Join us in our mission to revive the American Dream.
Media Toolkit
Helpful resources for journalists.
Contact
Get in touch with us.
  • Research
    National Trends
    How have children’s chances of moving up changed over time?
    Education
    Maximizing the impacts of our schools and colleges on upward mobility
    List of All Papers
    Our library of papers, presentations, datasets, and replication code
    Neighborhoods
    Location matters: from income to health to innovation
    Racial Disparities
    What factors drive racial differences in economic opportunity?
    Other Papers by OI Researchers
    Other papers related to economic opportunity by OI researchers
    All Papers
    All of our papers and presentations.
  • Data
    Opportunity Atlas
    Explore Neighborhood-Level Data to Find Solutions to Your Community’s Challenges.
    Social Capital Atlas
    See our new estimates of social capital for every school, college, and ZIP code in the United States.
    College Mobility Report Cards
    Use this tool by the New York Times to explore which colleges and universities are engines of income mobility.
    Economic Tracker
    Track the economic impacts of COVID-19 on people, businesses, and communities across the United States in real-time.
    Migration Patterns
    See where children from your hometown moved in adulthood, and how these patterns vary by race and income.
    Downloadable Data Repository
    All available data from our published research.
  • Policy Initiatives
    Expanding Geographic Choice: Creating Moves to Opportunity
    Pilot efforts to identify rigorous and scalable strategies to increase families’ access to high opportunity neighborhoods.
    Informing Economic Recovery: Economic Tracker
    Work to use real-time, granular data to inform equitable and impactful economic recovery from COVID-19.
    Understanding Higher Education: CLIMB Initiative
    Partnership with colleges and universities to explore and amplify higher education as a critical engine of mobility.
    Supporting Local Communities: Charlotte Opportunity Initiative
    Collaboration with local community leaders to support data-driven systems change and identify policy areas with the potential to increase upward mobility in Charlotte.
  • Courses
    Big Data Course (Harvard)
    Open-source materials from Harvard campus course
    Big Data Course (Short)
    Online course available via edX
    Exploring the Opportunity Atlas
    A series of instructional videos designed to explain the uses of the Atlas, its underlying data, and how it can help inform solutions to improve economic mobility.
    Summer Course
    Virtual summer course offered via PREDOC.org
  • About
    Our Team
    Meet Opportunity Insights.
    Join Our Team
    Join us in our mission to revive the American Dream.
    Media Toolkit
    Helpful resources for journalists.
    Contact
    Get in touch with us.

All Papers

This page lists all papers released by the Opportunity Insights team. These studies were supported by the Opportunity Insights staff and sponsors listed on our Team page. For questions related to any of these studies or the data associated with them, please email [email protected].

Most Recent
Other Papers by OI Researchers
The Intergenerational Transmission of Employers and the Earnings of Young Workers
Neighborhoods
Social Capital II: Determinants of Economic Connectedness
Papers are listed in chronological order; to filter by category or author, click here:
Topic
  • Education
  • Innovation
  • Measurement
  • Methods
  • National Trends
  • Neighborhoods
  • Racial Disparities
Author
  • Raj Chetty
  • Matthew O. Jackson
  • Theresa Kuchler
  • Johannes Stroebel
  • Nathaniel Hendren
  • Daniel Herbst
  • Ben Sprung-Keyser
  • Susan Athey
  • Amanda Bayer
  • Alex Bell
  • Augustin Bergeron
  • Peter Bergman
  • Zach Bleemer
  • Gregory Bruich
  • David Cutler
  • Stefanie DeLuca
  • Robert B. Fluegge
  • John Friedman
  • Sara Gong
  • Federico Gonzalez
  • Armelle Grondin
  • David Grusky
  • Maximilian Hell
  • Nathaniel Hilger
  • Andrew Housiaux
  • Guido Imbens
  • Matthew Jacob
  • Xavier Jaravel
  • Drew Johnston
  • Maggie R. Jones
  • Hyunseung Kang
  • Lawrence Katz
  • Patrick Kline
  • Martin Koenen
  • Eduardo Laguna-Muggenburg
  • Frina Lin
  • Jeremy Majerovitz
  • Robert Manduca
  • Florian Mudekereza
  • Jimmy Narang
  • Christopher Palmer
  • Neviana Petkova
  • Sonya R. Porter
  • Jonah E. Rockoff
  • Tom Rutter
  • Emmanuel Saez
  • Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach
  • Benjamin Scuderi
  • Matthew Staiger
  • Michael Stepner
  • Nicolaj Thor
  • Wilbur Townsend
  • Nicholas Turner
  • John van Reenen
  • Danny Yagan
  • The Opportunity Insights Team
  • Ruby Zhang
  • Mike Bailey
  • Pablo Barbera
  • Monica Bhole
  • Nils Wernerfelt
Neighborhoods
Social Capital II: Determinants of Economic Connectedness
Raj Chetty, Matthew O. Jackson, Theresa Kuchler, Johannes Stroebel, Nathaniel Hendren, Robert B. Fluegge, Sara Gong, Federico Gonzalez, Armelle Grondin, Matthew Jacob, Drew Johnston, Martin Koenen, Eduardo Laguna-Muggenburg, Florian Mudekereza, Tom Rutter, Nicolaj Thor, Wilbur Townsend, Ruby Zhang, Mike Bailey, Pablo Barbera, Monica Bhole, Nils Wernerfelt
Nature, Volume 608, Issue 7921, Pages 122-134 | August 2022
pdf Non-technical Summary
web Full Paper (Nature)
pdf Full Paper (NBER WP)
ppt Slides
pdf Slides
web Social Capital Atlas
web Data
web Brookings Panel
pdf FAQs
web Webinar
Neighborhoods
Social Capital I: Measurement and Associations with Economic Mobility
Raj Chetty, Matthew O. Jackson, Theresa Kuchler, Johannes Stroebel, Nathaniel Hendren, Robert B. Fluegge, Sara Gong, Federico Gonzalez, Armelle Grondin, Matthew Jacob, Drew Johnston, Martin Koenen, Eduardo Laguna-Muggenburg, Florian Mudekereza, Tom Rutter, Nicolaj Thor, Wilbur Townsend, Ruby Zhang, Mike Bailey, Pablo Barbera, Monica Bhole, Nils Wernerfelt
Nature, Volume 608, Issue 7921, Pages 108-121 | August 2022
pdf Non-technical Summary
web Full Paper (Nature)
pdf Full Paper (NBER WP)
ppt Slides
pdf Slides
web Social Capital Atlas
web Data
web Brookings Panel
pdf FAQs
web Webinar
National Trends
The Radius of Economic Opportunity: Evidence from Migration and Local Labor Markets
Nathaniel Hendren, Ben Sprung-Keyser, Sonya R. Porter
CES Working Paper #22-27 | July 2022
pdf Full Paper
web Migration Patterns
Measurement
The Economic Impacts of COVID-19: Evidence from a New Public Database Built Using Private Sector Data
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, John Friedman, Michael Stepner, The Opportunity Insights Team
NBER WORKING PAPER NO. 27431 | November 2020
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf 2020 Version
ppt Slides in PPT
pdf Slides in PDF
web Video Presentation
web Policy Resources
web Economic Tracker
pdf Privacy and Integrity Statement
pdf Effects of January 2021 Stimulus Payments on Consumer Spending
pdf Lifetime Earnings Effects of the COVID-19 Recession for Students
pdf Second Stimulus Technical Appendix
pdf Discussion of Faulkender et al. PPP Results
pdf Impacts of June 2021 Withdrawal of Pandemic UI: Paper
pdf Impacts of June 2021 Withdrawal of Pandemic UI: Summary
pdf The Uneven Recovery from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Education
Expanding and Diversifying the Pool of Undergraduates Who Study Economics: Insights from a New Introductory Course at Harvard
Raj Chetty, Amanda Bayer, Gregory Bruich, Andrew Housiaux
Forthcoming, Journal of Economic Education | April 2020
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
Education
Income Segregation and Intergenerational Mobility Across Colleges in the United States
Raj Chetty, John Friedman, Emmanuel Saez, Nicholas Turner, Danny Yagan
Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 135, Issue 3, August 2020, Pages 1567–1633, | February 2020
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper (QJE)
pdf Short Paper (NBER WP 26748)
ppt Slides in PPT
pdf Slides in PDF
pdf Previous Version: Mobility Report Cards (NBER WP 23618)
web Data
Methods
The Surrogate Index: Combining Short-Term Proxies to Estimate Long-Term Treatment Effects More Rapidly and Precisely
Raj Chetty, Susan Athey, Guido Imbens, Hyunseung Kang
NBER Working Paper No. 26463 | November 2019
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in PPT
web Replication Code
web Library of Early Indicators
Neighborhoods
Creating Moves to Opportunity: Experimental Evidence on Barriers to Neighborhood Choice
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Peter Bergman, Stefanie DeLuca, Lawrence Katz, Christopher Palmer
NBER Working Paper NO. 26164 | August 2019
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in PPT
web Video
pdf Phase I Intervention Details
pdf Phase II Intervention Details
pdf Phase III Implementation Observations
pdf Slides from 9.17.20 Practitioner Webinar
pdf Q+A from 9.17.20 Practitioner Webinar
web Replication Code
pdf Original Working Paper (2020)
Measurement
A Unified Welfare Analysis of Government Policies
Nathaniel Hendren, Ben Sprung-Keyser
Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 135, Issue 3, August 2020, Pages 1209–1318 | July 2019
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Appendix
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in PPT
web Data
pdf List of Policies Examined
web Interactive Data Tool
web Replication Data
Methods
A Practical Method to Reduce Privacy Loss when Disclosing Statistics Based on Small Samples
Raj Chetty, John Friedman
AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW PAPERS AND PROCEEDINGS, 109 : 414-20 | May 2019
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper (NBER wp 25626)
pdf Short Paper (AEA P&P version)
web Stata Code
web Opportunity Atlas Data
web Replication Package
Innovation
Do Tax Cuts Produce More Einsteins? The Impacts of Financial Incentives vs. Exposure to Innovation on the Supply of Inventors
Raj Chetty, Alex Bell, Xavier Jaravel, Neviana Petkova, John van Reenen
Forthcoming, Journal of the European Economic Association, 2019 | January 2019
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
web Data
Neighborhoods
The Opportunity Atlas: Mapping the Childhood Roots of Social Mobility
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, John Friedman, Maggie R. Jones, Sonya R. Porter
NBER Working Paper NO. 25147 | October 2018
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
pdf FAQ
web Data
web Press
Racial Disparities
Race and Economic Opportunity in the United States: An Intergenerational Perspective
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Maggie R. Jones, Sonya R. Porter
Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 135, Issue 2, May 2020, Pages 711–783 | March 2018
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Data
web Press
web Code
Innovation
Who Becomes an Inventor in America? The Importance of Exposure to Innovation
Raj Chetty, Alex Bell, Xavier Jaravel, Neviana Petkova, John van Reenen
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 134, Issue 2, May 2019, Pages 647–713 | December 2017
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
ppt Short Non-Technical Slides in Powerpoint
pdf Short Non-Technical Slides in PDF
ppt Full Academic Slides in Powerpoint
pdf Full Academic Slides in PDF
pdf NBER Working Paper
web Data
web Press
Education
Mobility Report Cards: The Role of Colleges in Intergenerational Mobility
Raj Chetty, John Friedman, Emmanuel Saez, Nicholas Turner, Danny Yagan
NBER Working Paper No. 23618, Revised Version | December 2017
pdf Fact Sheet
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web NYT Interactive Tool to Explore Data
web Data
web Press
Neighborhoods
The Impacts of Neighborhoods on Intergenerational Mobility II: County-Level Estimates
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren
Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(3): 1163-1228, 2018 | December 2017
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Video
pdf Original Paper
web Data
web Press
Neighborhoods
The Impacts of Neighborhoods on Intergenerational Mobility I: Childhood Exposure Effects
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren
Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(3): 1107-162, 2018 | December 2017
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Video
pdf Original Paper
web Data
web Press
National Trends
The Fading American Dream: Trends in Absolute Income Mobility Since 1940
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, David Grusky, Maximilian Hell, Robert Manduca, Jimmy Narang
Science 356(6336): 398-406, 2017 | December 2016
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Data
web Press
Neighborhoods
The Association Between Income and Life Expectancy in the United States, 2001-2014
Raj Chetty, Augustin Bergeron, David Cutler, Benjamin Scuderi, Michael Stepner, Nicholas Turner
The Journal of the American Medical Association 315(4), 2016 | April 2016
pdf Non-technical Summary
web Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Data
web Technical Appendix
Neighborhoods
Childhood Environment and Gender Gaps in Adulthood
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Frina Lin, Jeremy Majerovitz, Benjamin Scuderi
American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 106(5): 282-288, 2016 | January 2016
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Data
web Press
Neighborhoods
The Effects of Exposure to Better Neighborhoods on Children: New Evidence from the Moving to Opportunity Experiment
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Lawrence Katz
American Economic Review 106(4): 855-902, 2016 | May 2015
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
pdf Replication Code
Education
Measuring the Impacts of Teachers I: Evaluating Bias in Teacher Value-Added Estimates
Raj Chetty, John Friedman, Jonah E. Rockoff
American Economic Review 104(9): 2593-2632, 2014 | September 2014
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Video
pdf Discussion of ASA Statement
pdf Note on Prior Score Placebo Tests
pdf Reply to Rothstein (2017)
pdf Rothstein's Comment (2014)
pdf Response to Adler (2014)
pdf Original Paper
web Data
web Press
Education
Measuring the Impacts of Teachers II: Teacher Value-Added and Student Outcomes in Adulthood
Raj Chetty, John Friedman, Jonah E. Rockoff
American Economic Review 104(9): 2633-2679, 2014 | September 2014
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
pdf Original Paper
web Data
web Press
Neighborhoods
Where is the Land of Opportunity? The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Patrick Kline, Emmanuel Saez
Quarterly Journal of Economics 129(4): 1553-1623, 2014 | June 2014
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Data
web Press
National Trends
Is the United States Still a Land of Opportunity? Recent Trends in Intergenerational Mobility
Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Patrick Kline, Emmanuel Saez, Nicholas Turner
American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 104(5): 141-147, 2014 | January 2014
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Data
web Press
Education
How Does Your Kindergarten Classroom Affect Your Earnings? Evidence from Project STAR
Raj Chetty, John Friedman, Nathaniel Hilger, Emmanuel Saez, Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, Danny Yagan
Quarterly Journal of Economics 126(4): 1593-1660, 2011 | December 2011
pdf Non-technical Summary
pdf Full Paper
pdf Slides in PDF
ppt Slides in Powerpoint
web Press
Learn more about Opportunity Insights
Contact Us
  • Team
  • Press
  • Join Our Team
  • Updates
  • Opportunity Atlas

Contact

Requests for additional information on the data or technical questions can be directed to [email protected]

 

For Press

For media inquiries,
please contact
[email protected]

 

Mailing Address:

Opportunity Insights
Harvard University
1280 Massachusetts Avenue
Box #201
Cambridge, MA 02138

Opportunity Insights is a non-partisan, not-for-profit organization located at Harvard University that seeks to translate insights from rigorous, scientific research to policy change by harnessing the power of “big data” using an interdisciplinary approach.
©2023 Opportunity Insights. All rights reserved.
Privacy Policy